The Range Is the Center of the Kitchen
The commercial range is the first appliance most people picture in a restaurant kitchen, and for good reason: it handles saute, pan frying, simmering, boiling, and oven work from one footprint. It is also one of the longest-lived purchases you will make — a well-maintained heavy-duty range can run for 20 years or more. That makes the gas-versus-electric decision, the size, and the configuration worth getting right the first time.
The good news is that ranges are heavily standardized. Sizes, burner counts, and BTU ranges follow predictable patterns, and full spec sheets for every major brand are on CookBidSpecs. Used ranges are also plentiful at restaurant equipment auctions, where heavy-duty gas ranges are among the best values in the industry.
Gas vs Electric: The Core Decision
Gas ranges are the default in American commercial kitchens. Burners are rated in BTU, typically 15,000 to 35,000 BTU per burner on restaurant-series models and higher on heavy-duty units. Gas gives you instant visual control of the flame, works through power outages, and is cheaper to run in most markets. The trade-offs: you need a gas line and a Type 1 exhaust hood, and gas ranges put a lot of heat into the kitchen.
Electric ranges run on 208V or 240V power, single or three phase. Cooktops come in coil, radiant, or induction styles, and the ovens heat very evenly. Electric is the right choice when gas is not available or when hood requirements are a problem, and induction tops are faster and more efficient than any gas burner. The trade-offs: higher utility cost in most regions, slower visual response on coil tops, and a need for dedicated electrical capacity.
There is no universal winner. The building's utilities, the menu, and the ventilation budget decide it. Check what is already in the building before you fall in love with a specific unit.
Sizes: 36, 48, and 60 Inches
Ranges are sold by width, and the standard sizes are predictable:
- 36-inch ranges — the most common size — have 4 to 6 burners and one oven. They fit most small and mid-size kitchens.
- 48-inch ranges have 6 burners and one or two ovens. The two-oven version is popular for restaurants that need oven space without a full 60-inch footprint.
- 60-inch ranges have 8 to 12 burners and two ovens, or a combination of burners, griddle, and hot top. These are the heavy hitters of high-volume kitchens.
Heights run about 36 inches at the cooking surface, and depths run 30 to 36 inches, with heavy-duty models deeper. Measure your kitchen's aisles, doorways, and hood coverage before choosing.
Burners and BTU
Open burners are the standard for restaurant work — they are powerful, easy to clean, and give you the flame control chefs expect. Sealed burners contain spills and are easier to clean, but they are less common on heavy-duty equipment and generally deliver slightly less heat. Hot tops (a solid steel cooking surface) are for stockpots and high-volume simmering; they hold heat well but heat the kitchen and respond slowly. Griddle tops add flat-top cooking capacity for breakfast and short-order menus.
For menu planning, think about what each burner will do. A saute station wants high BTU (25,000 to 35,000) for fast work, while a stockpot station wants a steady, wide flame. Most operators do fine with a mix of standard burners and one or two high-output burners.
Oven Options: Standard vs Convection
Range ovens come in two flavors:
- Standard (radiant) ovens are simple, reliable, and excellent for roasting and baking where you want gentle, even heat. They are cheaper and easier to service.
- Convection ovens use a fan to circulate air, cooking faster and more evenly at lower temperatures. They are the better choice for baking and for volume production, but they can dry out delicate items if the chef is not careful.
Many ranges ship with a standard oven under the cooktop, with convection available as an option. If your menu includes baked goods, a convection oven pays for itself in time and consistency.
Restaurant Series vs Heavy Duty
Manufacturers split ranges into two construction classes:
- Restaurant series ranges are lighter-duty, with a steel body and thinner grates. They cost less, heat up faster, and are fine for moderate volume, but they flex and wear under heavy use.
- Heavy-duty ranges have a heavier frame, thicker grates, and higher BTU burners. They are built to run 18 hours a day and are the standard for high-volume kitchens. They cost more and take longer to heat, but they last for decades.
If you are open two meals a day with a moderate menu, restaurant series is usually enough. If you are doing three meals plus catering, buy heavy duty. Used heavy-duty ranges at auction are often the smartest purchase a new operator can make — they sell for a fraction of new and outlast restaurant-series units bought new.
Electric Range Details
Electric cooktops come as coil, radiant, or induction. Coil is the cheapest and most familiar; radiant is smooth and easier to clean; induction is the fastest and most efficient, heating the pan rather than the air, but it requires magnetic cookware and costs more. Electric ovens are known for even baking, which is why bakeries and pastry kitchens often prefer them. Confirm the voltage, phase, and amperage against your electrical service — a 208V three-phase range needs a very different hookup than a 240V single-phase one.
Ventilation and Clearance
Gas ranges require a Type 1 exhaust hood in virtually every jurisdiction, and electric ranges with griddles or broilers usually do too. Check the spec sheet for clearance from combustible surfaces, flue requirements, and the distance between the range and any fryer or other heat source. A range packed against a wall with no clearance is a fire hazard and a service nightmare.
Brands to Know
Vulcan, Garland, Imperial, Montague, and US Range are the names you will see on most spec sheets and auction lots. Vulcan and Garland are the most common in full-service kitchens; Imperial and Montague are strong mid-range options; US Range is a heavy-duty staple. All publish detailed spec sheets, and all are well represented on the used market.
New vs Used
A new heavy-duty range is a serious investment, which is why so many operators buy used. At auction, gas ranges frequently sell at a fraction of their new price. Before bidding, pull the model on CookBidSpecs and verify the width, burner configuration, BTU ratings, oven type, and gas or electrical hookup. At preview, check the grates for cracks, open the oven and inspect the door seals and interior, and confirm the gas valves move freely.
Range Buying Checklist
- Gas vs electric, based on building utilities
- Width: 36, 48, or 60 inches
- Burner count, BTU, and hot-top or griddle options
- Standard vs convection oven
- Restaurant series vs heavy duty construction
- Voltage, phase, and amperage (electric)
- Gas connection, hood, and clearance requirements
- Spec sheet verification on CookBidSpecs
The right range is the one that matches your menu, your utilities, and your volume. Nail down the size and fuel type, and the rest of the specification falls into place.